Characteristic of migraine with aura. Gradual onset of visual disturbances such as blurring, scotoma, zigzag lines and light flashes. May be followed by, or partly overlap with, transient paraesthesia ...

Background/aims: Patients taking hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are at risk of developing classic bull’s eye maculopathy. Currently, the standard Amsler grid (AG) is one of the most useful methods to ...

Background Endovascular embolization is a feasible treatment for cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). New embolic agents aim to improve the success of DAVF embolization. Objective To assess ...

Patients may present with central scotoma and papillary defects. Studies have suggested that neuroretinitis secondary to CSD is a benign disease and visual acuity returns to normal within ...

There are two main theories that pertain to the role of the primary visual cortex (V1) in visual awareness. Hierarchical models propose that although V1 provides necessary input, only high-level ...

What to know about migraine with scotoma Scotoma involves a complete or partial loss of vision. Ocular migraine episodes may occur with scotoma. Learn symptoms, treatments, and more here. READ MORE ...

Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) is a common vision-threatening complication of myopia and pathological myopia. Despite significant advances in understanding the epidemiology, pathogenesis and ...